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Simone Silvetti

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Towards Interpretable Concept Learning over Time Series via Temporal Logic Semantics

Irene Ferfoglia, Simone Silvetti, Gaia Saveri, Laura Nenzi, Luca Bortolussi

arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.03269, 2025

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The problem

Time series classification is usually solved with black-box deep learning, which makes it hard to understand the rationale behind a prediction, a real issue in safety-critical settings.

The approach

A neuro-symbolic framework that unifies classification and explanation by embedding trajectories into a space of Signal Temporal Logic (STL) concepts. A novel STL-inspired kernel maps each raw time series to its alignment with a set of predefined STL formulae, so every prediction comes with the logical concepts that best characterise it.

This enables classification grounded in human-interpretable temporal patterns, with both local and global symbolic explanations.

Results

Early results show competitive performance together with high-quality logical justifications for the model's decisions. The work is developed further in Guided by Stars.


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